Are Large Dams Altering Extreme Weather Patterns?

Hoover Dam

From Live Science:

Large dams may cause shifting regional weather extremes.

This finding is causing scientists to wonder if aging dams around the world can withstand the extreme weather events they may inadvertently generate.

It was nearly 75 years ago that scientists first speculated that large dams could vastly transform local climate. Weather results from the interaction of warm and cool air, and dams can hold vast reservoirs of water that can influence the heat and moisture of the air above them. Dams also can radically alter irrigation patterns in the surrounding land, impacting their climate patterns as well.

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Antarctica Was Climate Refuge During Great Extinction

From New Scientist:

The cool climate of Antarctica was a refuge for animals fleeing climate change during the biggest mass extinction in Earth's history, suggests a new fossil study. The discovery may have implications for how modern animals will adapt to global warming.

Around 250 million years ago, at the end of the Permian period, about 90 per cent of land species were wiped out as global temperatures soared. A cat-sized distant relative of mammals, Kombuisia antarctica, seems to have survived the extinction by fleeing south to Antarctica.

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For 2010, IDC Predicts An Apple iPad And Battles In The Cloud

From CNET:

Apple brings out an iPad digital tablet. Netbooks move upscale. And IBM buys Juniper Networks.

Those predictions for next year, and others, are being presented on Thursday by the technology research firm IDC.

DC's entry in the year-end forecasting sweepstakes doesn't lack for detail. There will be 300,000 iPhone applications by the end of next year, nearly triple the current number, according to IDC. There will be 50,000 to 75,000 Google Android applications, up from about 10,000.

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The Nuclear Football

The nuclear football being carried by a Coast Guard officer at the United Nations, 2009.
Photo from Wikipedia

From Wikipedia:

The Nuclear Football (also called the Atomic Football, President's Emergency Satchel, The Button, The Red Button, The Black Box, or just The Football) is a black briefcase meant to be used by the President of the United States of America to authorize a nuclear attack while away from fixed command centers, such as the White House Situation Room. It functions as a mobile hub in the strategic defense system of the United States.

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My Comment: A friend of mine emailed me this .... it is quite interesting.

Space Exploration Takes Too Long For Democracies?

From Future Pundit:

Will China's lack of democracy give it a leg up in the next wave of human space exploration? Michael Hanlon argues the next big step in space exploration takes too much time for a democracy to fund it.

It may simply be that space exploration is incompatible with US democracy. A Mars shot would take four presidential terms at least. No president will ask taxpayers to fund something he won't be around to take credit for.

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Can Saharan Solar Power Save Europe?

Is it a mirage? Some experts think so, others say it will become a reality. AP

From Spiegel Online:

Some say it's a foolish fantasy, others believe it has the potential to save the world from the effects of climate change. The German-led Desertec initiative to build a massive solar thermal power plant in the Sahara Desert has both advocates and critics. SPIEGEL ONLINE looks at the current state of play.

For years, the idea of generating solar power for Europe in the Sahara was dismissed as pure fantasy. But then all of sudden it was happening, and Desertec was making headlines worldwide.

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Cool Find In Hunt For Exoplanets

Image: The planet, called GJ758B, may well have a sister, GJ758C

From The BBC:

Astronomers have published an image of the coolest planet outside our solar system that has been pictured directly.

The new find is more similar to our own Solar System than prior pictured exoplanets, in terms of the parent star's type and the planet's size.

However, the surface temperature is a scorching 280-370C, and could still prove to be a brown dwarf star.

The results, published in Astrophysical Journal, were obtained by a new camera on the Subaru telescope in Hawaii.

Among more than 400 known exoplanets, only 10 have been imaged directly, rather than detecting them via measurements of their parent stars' light or movement.

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The Sun: Falling Into An Even Deeper Funk

From Watts Up With That?

With Climategate sucking all the oxygen out of the blogosphere, we’ve neglected some of our regular reporting duties here at WUWT.

Thanks to Paul Stanko, who has been tracking sunspots for WUWT for awhile now who writes in with this update. It looks like we’ll soon surpass 2008 for the number of spotless days. – Anthony

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My Favorite Hackers

Photo: Hacking is a labor of love. iStockphoto

From Discover News:

As a self-proclaimed hacker, who means you no harm, I stand on the shoulders of giants. The following people have set the standard for hacking and have given all of us newbies something to the strive for. These are some of the Great Ones, the ones we admire, emulate. These are my favs.

1. Kevin Mitnick

The Man. The Myth. The Legend. This guy was the top hacker in the world for a good part of the late 70s and early 80s. He was one of the first, and in his time, gave the pre-silicon valley tech bigwigs a good shakedown. He broke into systems owned by Sun Microsystems, IBM, DEC, Motorola, and even managed (allegedly) to wiretap FBI conversations. He did time for it, but now works as a security consultant. Though most hackers today consider his technical knowledge to be archaic, he has one of the sharpest minds in social engineering even today.

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The Cyber-Threat Grows

From City Journal:

We’ve got a lot of catching up to do before we’re secure.

First your cell phone doesn’t work. Then you notice that you can’t access the Internet. Down on the street, ATMs won’t dispense money. Traffic lights don’t function, and calls to 911 don’t get routed to emergency responders. Radios report that systems controlling dams, railroads, and nuclear power plants have been remotely infiltrated and compromised. The air-traffic control system shuts down, leaving thousands of passengers stranded or rerouted and unable to communicate with loved ones. This is followed by a blackout that lasts not hours but days and even weeks. Our digital civilization shudders to a halt. When we emerge, millions of Americans’ data are missing, along with billions of dollars.

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Why Humans Outlive Apes: Human Genes Have Adapted to Inflammation, But We Are More Susceptible To Diseases Of Aging

A baby chimp (Pan troglodytes) and his handler looking at each other. (Credit: iStockphoto/Warwick Lister-Kaye)

From Science Daily:

Science Daily (Dec. 3, 2009) — In spite of their genetic similarity to humans, chimpanzees and great apes have maximum lifespans that rarely exceed 50 years. The difference, explains USC Davis School of Gerontology Professor Caleb Finch, is that as humans evolved genes that enabled them to better adjust to levels of infection and inflammation and to the high cholesterol levels of their meat rich diets.

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Robotic Clam Could Detonate Underwater Mines

Inspired by the amazing ability of the small clam to dig and wedge itself far deeper and more securely than would be thought, they show the robo-clam. Credit: Donna Coveney

From Live Science:

Robot clams may one day help dig up and detonate buried underwater mines, researchers now reveal. They could also serve as smart anchors for robot subs or deep-sea oil drilling.

Mechanical engineers Anette "Peko" Hosoi and Amos Winter at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology designed robots after the Atlantic razor clam (Ensis directus) because it is one of nature's best diggers. Using its relatively simple anatomy, the razor clam — which the researchers dubbed the Ferrari of underwater diggers — can burrow into the bottom of its native mudflats at a remarkable rate of roughly a centimeter per second.

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War Goes Mainstream On The Internet, Facebook And Twitter

From ZDNet:

NATO announced a new website complete with links to Twitter, YouTube and Facebook. In an eerie flashback to the Vietnam War when the public watched the evening news with Walter Cronkite during the dinner hour, the war in Afghanistan is now available to everyone on their computer. It’s operated and managed by NATO and not by any news organisation.

The content is complete with how, where, whom and what is going on in the country, complete with video clips of operations and interviews with commanding officers, the site leaves little to the imagination.

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My Comment: With hundreds of millions of users, I a surprised that it has taken NATO this long to understand the importance of these networks.

Why Privacy Concerns Are Ruining Facebook

From PC World:

Facebook was built as a powerful social connector, allowing users to befriend others with similar interests, locations, schools, and more. But as privacy concerns mount and users demand more protection, the social networking site's philosophy has started to go down the toilet. Now that Facebook is eliminating regional networks -- or groupings of people based on where they live -- it's becoming apparent that proclivities lean towards building fences rather than crossing them.

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First Metallic Nanoparticles Resistant to Extreme Heat

From U.S. News & World Report/National Science Foundation:

PITTSBURGH—A University of Pittsburgh team overcame a major hurdle plaguing the development of nanomaterials such as those that could lead to more efficient catalysts used to produce hydrogen and render car exhaust less toxic. The researchers reported Nov. 29 in Nature Materials the first demonstration of high-temperature stability in metallic nanoparticles, the vaunted next-generation materials hampered by a vulnerability to extreme heat.

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Blue Whale Song Mystery Baffles Scientists

From Wired Science:

All around the world, blue whales aren’t singing like they used to, and scientists have no idea why.

The largest animals on Earth are singing in ever-deeper voices every year. Among the suggested explanations are ocean noise pollution, changing population dynamics and new mating strategies. But none of them is entirely convincing.

“We don’t have the answer. We just have a lot of recordings,” said Mark McDonald, president of Whale Acoustics, a company that specializes in the sonic monitoring of cetaceans.

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New Evidence That Early Therapy Helps Autistic Kids

Charlie Lamb was diagnosed with autism at age 2
Photo courtesy of the Lamb family

From Time Magazine:

Charlie Lamb was barely 2 years old when he was diagnosed with autism. His mother Susan had been convinced for months that "something was not right" with her second child. He wouldn't stand in line like the other kids in gymnastics class, she recalls, and he spoke fewer words. He was more captivated by spinning wheels than Teletubbies. His father Tom noticed that his blond, blue-eyed son would always walk in circles around the kitchen table and that he would do the equivalent at their local park in Seattle — walking along the perimeter fence rather than crossing into the play area.

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Computers Top Poll Of Modern Discoveries

Shaping the modern world (Image: Comstock/Getty)

From New Scientist:

TWO inventions have shaped our modern world more than any other: the engine and the computer. Where the engine captured and extended the human capacity to do physical work, the computer did the same for the capacity of the human brain to think, organise and control. This power has now pervaded not just homes and offices but also tens of thousands of products where it once didn't seem to fit, thanks to a small and beautiful device called the microprocessor.

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Why Women Live So Much Longer Than Men (And, No, It's Not Because They Have An Easier Life!)

Scientists have found that women's genetic makeup
could be the reason they live longer than men

From The Daily Mail:

In the battle of the sexes, women have always played the ultimate long game - by outliving men.

But there's no point crowing about the powers of female stoicism and endurance.

Scientists now believe women squeeze that extra five years out of life simply because men are made of different stuff.

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Astronomers Watch Most Massive Star Ever Go Supernova

Supernova Go Boom Yep, it's bigger than this explosion
(artist's illustration of SN 2006gy) NASA/CXC/M Weiss

From Popular Science:

Rare behemoth star produces antimatter and collapses in a runaway nuclear reaction that leaves nothing behind.

Stars don't tend to go quietly, and the most massive of them all create a supernova explosion 50 to 100 times brighter than normal. Now astronomers have confirmed the existence of rare but huge stars that contain 200 times the mass of our sun, after spotting one unusually bright cosmic explosion in 2007.

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