Thursday, November 26, 2009

The Brain Humanity's Other Basic Instinct: Math

Image: iStockphoto

From Discover Magazine:

New research suggests that math has evolved its way right into our neurons—and monkeys', too.

Numbers make modern life possible. “In a world without numbers,” University of Rochester neuroscientist Jessica Cantlon and her colleagues recently observed in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences, “we would be unable to build a skyscraper, hold a national election, plan a wedding, or pay for a chicken at the market.”

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4 Wildly High-Tech Military and NASA Research Projects

Redstone Arsenal Base

From Popular Mechanics:

The Redstone Arsenal is an engineers' playground. The massive base hosts NASA and Army researchers involved in spacecraft and weapons-systems testing, from moonbound rockets to America's Army video-game development. During a recent tour, Popular Mechanics was shown—and stumbled across—research tests and demonstrations that highlight the scope of science and engineering that is performed every day within the Huntsville, Ala., secured location.

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My Comment: I have made it a point of knowing where every U.S. military research center is .... and a general idea on what they are doing. But Redstone Arsenal is one in which some serious s___ is happening. Therefore .... I am more than surprised that Popular Mechanics was permitted on the grounds.

NASA Scientists Say Martian Meteorite May Have Brought Life to Earth

Allen Hills Meteorite Thar be life? NASA

From Popular Science:

New analytical data supposedly backs the case for Martian life having once existed.

Martians may have already landed on Earth, at least in ancient microbial form. The same NASA team that discovered the controversial Allen Hills meteorite has shared new data that points to a biological origin for structures within the Martian rock, Spaceflight Now reports. NASA headquarters plans to officially address the new findings within days.

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Nuclear Fuel: Are We Heading For A Uranium Crunch?

Lack of incentive to invest in more uranium mines
(Image: Robert Francis/Robert Harding/Rex Features)


From New Scientist:

AS THE world prepares for the largest investment in nuclear power in decades, owners of uranium mines last week raised the prospect of fuel shortages. To make things worse, the reliability of estimates of the amount of uranium that can be economically mined has also been questioned.

Volatile oil and gas prices, along with the threat of global warming, have pushed governments to reconsider nuclear energy, partly because it is a low-carbon technology and partly because uranium supplies seem plentiful.

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The Amazing Images From The Space Shuttle's Seven-Day Stint At The International Space Station

(Click Photo to Enlarge)
Tools in hand, astronaut Randy Bresnik works on the exterior of the Columbus module of the International Space Station during the Atlantis crew's second spacewalk

From The Daily Mail:

Tomorrow the Space Shuttle Atlantis is due to touch down on Earth after a successful seven-day mission to deliver vital equipment to the International Space Station.

During the past week as astronauts stockpiled the outpost and performed maintenance a series of stunning images were taken which we reveal here.

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Spin-Based Electronics Gets Boost

Photo: The effect was shown in silicon, the standby of the semiconductor industry

From The BBC:

The next generation of computers may make use of the "spin" of electrons instead of their charge.

Spintronics relies on manipulating these spins to make them capable of carrying data.

The technique has been shown in a number of materials at low temperatures before.

But researchers writing in Nature have made use of these "spin-polarised" electrons in silicon at room temperature for the first time.

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Bioengineers Succeed in Producing Plastics Without the Use of Fossil Fuels

Computer rendering of E. coli bacteria. A newly developed E. coli strain is capable of efficiently producing unnatural polymers, through a one-step fermentation process. (Credit: iStockphoto/Sebastian Kaulitzki)

From Science Daily:

Science Daily (Nov. 26, 2009) — A team of pioneering South Korean scientists have succeeded in producing the polymers used for everyday plastics through bioengineering, rather than through the use of fossil fuel based chemicals. This groundbreaking research, which may now allow for the production of environmentally conscious plastics, is published in two papers in the journal Biotechnology and Bioengineering.

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Top 5 Surprising Turkey Facts

Eastern wild turkeys. Credit: Maslowski/National Wild Turkey Federation

From Live Science:

The average American eats 17.6 pounds of turkey per year, more than double the figure for 1970, according to the National Turkey Federation. To feed the growing appetite, some 273 million turkeys will be raised in the United States in 2009, and a good number of them will be consumed on Thanksgiving, after which many Americans will loll about, overstuffed, sleepy and in many cases intoxicated.

This is not what the Pilgrims had in mind.

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Astronauts Celebrate Thanksgiving in Space on Two Spaceships

(Click Image to Enlarge)
This image from the Space Station looks down over the Russian Soyuz spacecraft and the docked space shuttle Atlantis, with Earth's horizon forming the background. Photo from The Daily Mail

From Space.com:

A dozen astronauts in orbit will pause for a weightless Thanksgiving Thursday, despite the fact that they're flying on two different spaceships.

The space shuttle Atlantis, with seven crewmembers onboard, left the International Space Station early Wednesday, capping off a week-long visit to stock the outpost with spare equipment. The orbiter is slated to land Friday at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla.

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The Latest in Spy Tech


Watch CBS News Videos Online

From CBS News:

(CBS) In the final part of our "Somebody's Watching You" series, CBS News science and technology correspondent Daniel Sieberg shared the latest and greatest in hi-tech spy and anti-spy tools.

In fact, Sieberg even wore several surveillance gadgets on his person - a lapel camera pin, a watch camera and a tie remote-controlled camera.

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10 Geeky Things to Be Thankful For

Photo by Steve Voght; used under CC license.

From Geek Dad:

Next Thursday is, of course, Thanksgiving Day in the United States. While we celebrate the holiday with our families, along with turkey, stuffing and pumpkin pie (or whatever traditions you may have), many of us like to think of all the good things in our lives for which we’re thankful.

No matter how rough things are for you, you almost surely have some things in your life that make you feel lucky. Whether or not you believe in a deity or deities to whom to give thanks for the good things in your life, it can be good to take a little time out to consider how much you have that makes you happy.

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2009 Hurricane Season Quietest in Decades


From National Geographic:

As the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season comes to an end November 30, it will be remembered as one of the quietest in almost two decades, meteorologists say.

That's because persistent, upper-level winds linked to El Niño—unusually warm waters that sometimes form off the northwestern coast of South America—hampered tropical storm formation. Just 9 storms took shape, instead of an average of 15.

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Russian Space Program Facing Same Issues as NASA

From Daily Tech:

Russian space program must shift gears and begin to seriously think about the coming years
The U.S. space program reportedly isn't the only one that has issues related to research and development, leading to a possible shake up among space nations over the next two-to-three years.

Similar to the current problem plaguing NASA, the Russian space program also has an aging spacecraft, the Soyuz spacecraft, with no specific details of a new next-generation shuttle on the horizon. The Soyuz already is used to transport astronauts and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS), but will be unable to reach Mars or any other planets at this current stage.

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Air Pollution Maps Of The United States


From The Next Big Future:

Map of coal power by state. Note: about of third of the air pollution can go thousands of miles from the plant. There is more impact on air quality and health of those near the plants. Air pollution has been improved in the USA since the 1950s and 1960s. There is still a negative effect. 24,000 coal impacted deaths and a total of 60,000 air pollution impacted deaths out of 2.5 million deaths from any cause. Cigarette smoking and obesity have larger negative effects, which is seen in West Virginia's health statistics. The bad air pollution states are ending up at or near the bottom of state health rankings.

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Bendable Magnetic Interface

Image: Bladder control: Manipulating a magnetic fluid on top of the researchers' "sensor tile" (top) offers a novel way to control a computer. The interface can be used to sculpt virtual shapes (bottom). Credit: Microsoft

From Technology Review:

A sensing surface developed by Microsoft researchers offers new ways to use computers.

Computer users have been typing on keyboards and clicking on mice for more than 20 years. An experimental new interface under development at Microsoft could give them a completely new way to use their system.

Multi-touch and motion-sensing devices have recently emerged from research labs, offering new ways to operate computers. Microsoft's experimental tactile interface takes things further still, letting users interact by squashing, stretching, rolling, or rubbing.

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Drinking Red Wine May Prevent Cavities

Even nonalcoholic red wine can offer the oral health benefits to consumers. iStockPhoto

From Discovery:

A toothbrush may not be handy at the holiday dinner table, but new research suggests moderate consumption of red wine helps to rinse teeth clean of bacteria during and after meals.

The findings, accepted for publication in the journal Food Chemistry, add to the growing list of health benefits associated with drinking wine. Prior research has linked moderate red wine intake with everything from improved longevity to diminished risk of cardiovascular and neurological diseases.

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Wednesday, November 25, 2009

Hydrogen-Economy On The Way? New Hydrogen-Storage Method Discovered

This schematic shows the structure of the new material, Xe(H2)7. Freely rotating hydrogen molecules (red dumbbells) surround xenon atoms (yellow). (Credit: Image courtesy of Nature Chemistry)

From Science Daily:

Science Daily (Nov. 25, 2009) — Scientists at the Carnegie Institution have found for the first time that high pressure can be used to make a unique hydrogen-storage material. The discovery paves the way for an entirely new way to approach the hydrogen-storage problem.

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Paper-Thin Batteries Made From Algae

Batteries made of paper may power electronics in the future, researchers say. Shown are images from an experimental paper-based battery. Credit: The American Chemical Society.

From Live Science:

Imagine wrapping paper that could be a gift in and of itself because it lights up with words like "Happy Birthday." That is one potential application of a new biodegradable battery made of cellulose, the stuff of paper.

Scientists worldwide are striving to develop thin, flexible, lightweight, inexpensive, environmentally friendly batteries made entirely from nonmetal parts. Among the most promising materials for these batteries are conducting polymers.

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The Future Of Dating...Robots


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Industrial Thanksgiving: Science Takes Mom’s Recipes to the Assembly-Line


From Wired Science:

Thanksgiving is about eating, and though local, organic food might be what the cool kids are eating, most people are still eating products of the industrial food system.

Whether you’re talking turkey, cranberries or potatoes, industrial-scale processes have been developed to drive down food costs, drive up corporate profits and feed America’s incredible hunger for novel food items.

But most consumers of these manufactured meals have little or no knowledge of the machines and methods used to freeze turkeys, turn potatoes into fake potatoes, and cranberries into TV-dinner cranberry sauce. It’s not always pretty, but food scientists’ epic battle to scale up your mom’s recipes without making them taste nasty is worth examining, if not giving thanks for.

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